VALUE REORIENTATION AT HOME: PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES OF PARENTING STYLES ON CHILD DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

This paper discusses psychological and Islamic perspectives on different parenting styles' effects on child development, aiming to instil positive values at home. Just as scholars of positive psychology aim to spread positive values, Islam shares the goal of perfecting moral characters and human values, as conveyed in the message of Prophet Muhammad. Parenting is a comprehensive process involving the intellectual, psychological, social, political, cultural, and economic participation of parents and guardians, beginning even before the child is born by instilling quality behaviours known to foster the fetus's quality development until the child matures into a responsible adult accountable for their actions. Islam and psychology both advocate for ideal parenting styles to be adopted by parents/guardians, recognising that the chosen parenting style significantly influences the child's positive or negative development rate. Consequently, the paper examines child development, parenting, various parenting styles, and their effects on child development from psychological and Islamic perspectives. Recommendations are provided for parents to unlearn detrimental parenting values, such as authoritarianism or permissiveness, and embrace positive parenting values, such as adopting an authoritative parenting style, to facilitate value reorientation.